Elements: Book I, Proposition 1 (Math Lair)

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The following is as given in Sir Thomas L. Heath's translation, which can be found in the book The Thirteen Books of The Elements, Vol. 1.

**Elements on the Math Lair**
Book I	Book II	Book IX
Definitions, Postulates, and Common Notions	Definitions	Proposition 20
Proposition 1, Proposition 3,	Proposition 14	Proposition 36
Proposition 5, Proposition 6,
Proposition 29, Proposition 47

Proposition 1.

On a given finite straight line to construct and equilateral triangle.

Let AB be the given finite straight line.

Thus it is required to construct an equilateral triangle on the straight line AB.

With centre A and distance AB let the circle BCD be described; [Post. 3]
again, with centre B and distance BA let the circle ACE be described; [Post. 3]
and from the point C, in which the circles cut one another, to the points A, B let the straight lines CA, CB be joined. [Post. 1]

Now, since the point A is the centre of the circle CDB,

AC is equal to AB. [Def. 15]

Again, since the point B is the centre of the circle CAE,

BC is equal to BA. [Def. 15]

But CA was also proved equal to AB;
therefore each of the straight lines CA, CB is equal to B.

And things which are equal to the same thing are also equal to one another; [C. N. 1]

therefore CA is also equal to CB.

Therefore the three straight lines CA, AB, BC are equal to one another.

Therefore the triangle ABC is equilateral; and it has been constructed on the given finite straight line AB.

(Being) what it was required to do.